bhā-1, bhō-, bhǝ-

    bhā-1, bhō-, bhǝ-

    English meaning: to shine

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “glänzen, leuchten, scheinen”

    Material: O.Ind. bhü (in compound) “ shine, light, lustre “, bhǘ ti “ shines, (he) appears “, bhǘ ti-ḥ “light”, bhǘ na-m n. “ the shiners, apparition “ (compare O.Ir. bün “white”, O.E. bōnian “polish”), bhünú-ḥ “light, ray, sun” (: O.S. banu-t), bhǘ ma-ḥ “light, shine”; Av. bü- ‘shine, appear, seem” only with ü- (avü̊ ntǝm “ the resembling, the similar “), frü (fra-vüiti “ shines out “) and vi- (vi-bü- “ gleam, shine “, Benveniste BAL.-SLAV. 32, 86 f.), vīspō-büm(y)a- “ all gleaming “, bümya- “light, gleaming “, bünu- m. “light, ray”; Arm. banam (*bhü-n-) “ open, reveal, divulge, uncover, expose “ (if actually “ point, allow to become visible “), Aor. ba-t’si, compare Gk. φαίνω and Alb. bâj; Gk. πεφήσεται “ will appear “, *bhǝ-n- in present φαίνω (*φανι̯ω instead of *φά-νω Schwyzer Gk. I 694) “ makes visible, points “, φαίνομαι “ appear, seem, shine, gleam “ (ἐφάνην, Aor. ἔφηνα); φᾰνερός “ obvious, apparent, clear “, φανή “ torch “; φάσις “ rising of a star “ (see also under bhü-2), φάσμα, -ατος “apparition, face, omen, sign “ (compare πεφασμένος); ἀμφαδόν, ἀμφάδιος “ apparent, manifest, obvious “ (ἀνα-φ-); φάντα λάμποντα Hes. (to *φᾱμι = O.Ind. bhǘ ti); compare ἀργύ-φεος, ἄργυφος “ glossy white”; Alb.Gheg bâj, Tosc bënj (= φαίνω) “ make, seem “ (originally probably “ bring to an apparition “);

    Note: Alb. uses a taboo explanation which reflects the religious aspect of the cognate. O.Ir. bün “white”, oíb f. (*opi-bhü) “apparition, beauty”; O.S. banut “ touchwood, tinder “; O.E. bōnian “polish” (i.e. “make gleaming”), N.Ger. (and out of it Ger.) bōnen “ scour, rub, clean, beans “, M.H.G. bũenen “ beans (*white) “ (from Goth. bandwa, -wō “ mark, token, sign “, bandwjan, O.Ice. benda “ give a mark, token, sign “ here belong - perhaps as u̯-derivative of participle bhü-nt- “ shining, seeming “ -, is doubtful. Lith. by Feist 79 f.); O.Sor. baju, bać so “ burn indiscernibly, gleam “, nsorb. bajom, bajaś se “gleam, flicker”; Toch. A paṃ “clear, bright” (*bhǝno-), pañi “beauty”, В peñijo ds. (Duchesne-Guillemin BAL.-SLAV. 41, 164); A pükär, В pükri, a-pükärtse “open, distinct”; A pü-tsänk, В pa-tsän k “ window “ (-tsänk etc “gleam, shine”), Van Windekens Lexique 78 f.; В pate, A püt (in compound) “apparition” (*bhü-ti-), Pisani Re. R. 1st. Lornb. 78, 2, 28. s-extension bhō-s-: O.Ind. bhǘ s- n. (ved. also disyllabic), instr. bhüsǘ “light, shine, glory, magnificence, power “, subhǘ s- “ having beautiful shininess “, bhǘ -sati “ glares, gleams “, bhǘ sant- “gleaming”, bhǘ saḥ n. “light”; Gk. φώσκει διαφάνει Hes., διαφώσκω “ begins to shine” are perhaps (from πι-φαύσκω) reshaped after φῶς, also φωστήρ “lustre, shine, shiner” Doubtful is, whether M.Ir. basc “red”, O.E. basu, baso “purple” (*bhǝs-ko-, -u̯o-) are to be connected, to Goth. weina-basi “ grape “, O.H.G. beri “ berry “, actually “ red berry “? In addition the full grades MN O.H.G. Buoso, O.Ice. Bōsi etc? u̯-extension bhü-u-: O.Ind. vi-bhǘ va-ḥ, vi-bhǘ van- “ radiating, shining, seeming”; Gk. Hom. φάε (*φαFε) “ gleamed, appeared “, φαέθων, -οντος “gleaming”, φαεσί- μβροτος, Pind. φαυσί-μβροτος “ for the bright people shining “, φάος (Eol. φάυος, pamph. φάβος) Att. kontr. φῶς, gen. φωτός, φάους, “light, salvation”, whereof *φαFεσ-νός in Lesb. φάεννος, Ion. φαεινός, Att. φᾱνός “gleaming”, Hom. φαείνω “ gleams “; πιφαύσκω “ allows to shine; points, shows, evinces; make known “. Different Specht KZ. 59, 58 f. Is Gmc. *baukna-, in O.Fris. büken “ emblem, landmark, mark, fire signal “, O.S. bōkan “mark, token, sign, emblem, landmark”, O.E. bēacen “mark, token, sign, banner, ensign, flag”, O.H.G. bouhhan “mark, token, sign” from such Gmc. *bau- shaped after *taikna- “mark, token, sign”?

    References: WP. II 122 f., WH. I 454 f., Schwyzer Gk. I 694, 709.